The Mariana Trench - The Deepest Trench On Earth
Mariana Trench is the world's deepest sea trench, located in the western Pacific Ocean approximately 200 kilometers east of the Mariana Islands. It is the deepest such trench known on Earth. Mariana Trench is a crescent-shaped trough in the Earth's crust that measures more than 2,550 kilometers long and 43 miles wide on average. The Mariana Trench is named for the nearby Mariana Islands. The environment surrounding the Mariana Trench is known for its uniqueness. Many deepest points of the world have been found in this trench. It has the deepest natural point in the world, known as the Challenger Deep. The pressure at the bottom of the trench is more than 1,000 times the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level. But still, in such a condition, many types of creatures are found here.
Challenger Deep, which is located in the southern part of the Mariana Trench, is the deepest place in the world. Its depth is so much that its real measurement could not be taken so far, but on the basis of modern equipments, its measurement was 36,201 ft. It is said that if Mount Everest were dropped into the trench at this point, its peak would still be over 2 kilometers under water. There is another deepest point, known as the Sirena Deep, which lies along the Mariana Trench. It is the world's second deepest place. It is 200 kilometers to the east of the Challenger Deep and 145 km south of Guam. Its depth is around 35,209 ft. The Mariana Trench was established as a United States National Monument in 2009.
The Mariana Trench was formed in a very long natural process that took place millions of years ago. The Mariana Trench is part of a global network of deep troughs that cut across the ocean floor. They form when two tectonic plates collide. At the collision point, one of the plates dives beneath the other into the Earth’s mantle (the second layer of the Earth), creating an ocean trench. This process happened approximately 180 million years ago. Based on the scientific expedition made at this place, it has been found that even though there is a dull and rigid atmosphere, but still there is the presence of different creatures here. The creatures are living here, even in terrible darkness and under strong pressure. The arrangement of food here is quite limited. Some gigantic single-celled amoebas with a size of more than 10 cm, belonging to the class of xenophyophores were observed here. In Challenger Deep, scientists identified 200 types of micro-organisms. There is also a fish species found, which is a new species of snailfish discovered at a depth of 8,145 m.
Challenger Deep, which is located in the southern part of the Mariana Trench, is the deepest place in the world. Its depth is so much that its real measurement could not be taken so far, but on the basis of modern equipments, its measurement was 36,201 ft. It is said that if Mount Everest were dropped into the trench at this point, its peak would still be over 2 kilometers under water. There is another deepest point, known as the Sirena Deep, which lies along the Mariana Trench. It is the world's second deepest place. It is 200 kilometers to the east of the Challenger Deep and 145 km south of Guam. Its depth is around 35,209 ft. The Mariana Trench was established as a United States National Monument in 2009.
The Mariana Trench was formed in a very long natural process that took place millions of years ago. The Mariana Trench is part of a global network of deep troughs that cut across the ocean floor. They form when two tectonic plates collide. At the collision point, one of the plates dives beneath the other into the Earth’s mantle (the second layer of the Earth), creating an ocean trench. This process happened approximately 180 million years ago. Based on the scientific expedition made at this place, it has been found that even though there is a dull and rigid atmosphere, but still there is the presence of different creatures here. The creatures are living here, even in terrible darkness and under strong pressure. The arrangement of food here is quite limited. Some gigantic single-celled amoebas with a size of more than 10 cm, belonging to the class of xenophyophores were observed here. In Challenger Deep, scientists identified 200 types of micro-organisms. There is also a fish species found, which is a new species of snailfish discovered at a depth of 8,145 m.
