We all have thrown stones in the water many times, but have you ever wondered why that small stone jumps on the water and moves forward. If you remember Newton's third law of motion that tells us "Every action has an equal and opposite reaction". That is if object A applies a force on object B, then object B will also exert an equal force on object A in the opposite direction. The same happens with stone, when you throw a round-shaped stone or flat stone in the water at an angle less than 45 degrees, then that water will exert a force on the stone in the opposite direction, causing the stone to jump and move forward. The stone will move forward by bouncing as long as that force continues to be exerted.
In simple words, when the stone exerts a force on the surface of the water, the water exerts a backward force, causing the stone to skip over the water. The surface tension of water, that is, the property of the surface of a liquid that allows it to resist an external force, generally causes water to behave like a surface. There are some essential factors that must be kept in mind to affect the number of skips to occur and the timing of the stone splashing down, such as the height from which the stone is thrown, impact attitude, the angle, and the state of the water surface. Because at a suitably low angle, the stone will simply bounce off rather than penetrate. A man named Kurt Steiner bounced a stone 88 times in just one throw and for this, he also holds the world record.
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